14.11.24
I wrote the following article for the “Close Guantánamo” website, which I established in January 2012, on the 10th anniversary of the opening of Guantánamo, with the US attorney Tom Wilner. Please join us — just an email address is required to be counted amongst those opposed to the ongoing existence of Guantánamo, and to receive updates of our activities by email.
As the dust settles on last week’s Presidential Election, and the US and the rest of the world wait anxiously to see quite what Donald Trump has planned for the future, one policy decision seems unlikely to offer any surprises.
As in his first term in office, Trump — who is very evidently Islamophobic (as we all ought to recall from his Muslim ban in 2017), and is the head of a debased Republican Party that contains numerous screamingly hysterical enthusiasts for the continued existence of the prison at Guantánamo Bay — will almost certainly seal Guantánamo shut, as he did in his first term, refusing to set any prisoner free unless, by some miracle, they are required to be freed through legal means.
For the 30 men still held at Guantánamo, the situation is remarkably similar to that which faced President Obama eight years ago, as the news sank in that Hillary Clinton would not be taking over from him, and that Donald Trump would soon be inheriting Guantánamo, which he had bullishly promised to “load up with some bad dudes.” In the end, that threat never materialized, as, even in Trump’s inner circle, enough common sense existed to recognize that Guantánamo was an unsalvageable legal mess, and that, for any “bad dudes” that Trump managed to round up, prosecuting them in federal courts would be the only sensible option.
For Obama and his advisers, still vaguely able to be stung by accusations that he had promised to close Guantánamo but had failed to do so, his last two months in office involved a whirlwind of activity regarding Guantánamo, as 19 men in total — out of the 60 still held at the time of Trump’s victory — were released.
These men had all been unanimously approved for release by high-level government review processes established under Obama — the Guantánamo Review Task Force, which, in 2009, administratively reviewed the cases of the 240 prisoners inherited from George W. Bush, and decided whether to approve them for release (two-thirds of them), or to recommend them for prosecution or for ongoing imprisonment without trial, and its follow-up, the parole-style Periodic Review Boards, which began reviewing prisoners’ cases in November 2014.
Most of these 19 men had to be resettled in third countries, because of provisions inserted into the annual National Defense Authorization Act, which prevented — and still prevent — the repatriation of prisoners to certain proscribed countries, including, in particular, Yemen.
The urgent need for resettlements in President Biden’s last months in office
Eight years on, President Biden faces a similar situation. Having freed ten men (to add to the one man who managed to escape from Guantánamo under Trump), 16 of the 30 men he still holds have been unanimously approved for release by high-level government review processes — mostly the PRBs, and mostly on his watch.
This time around, however, there is a conspicuous lack of a sense of urgency within the Biden administration, as well as, sadly, a less welcoming environment globally for resettling former Guantánamo prisoners than existed in the Obama years.
While Obama created a high-level role within the State Department, the Special Envoy for Guantánamo Closure, to oversee prisoner releases, Biden’s replacement role, the Special Representative for Guantánamo Affairs, who was “responsible for all matters pertaining to the transfer of detainees from the Guantánamo Bay facility to third countries,” was given less high-level backing.
Created in August 2021, the role was given to former Ambassador Tina Kaidanow, who, nevertheless, managed to negotiate a resettlement plan with Oman, which had taken in 28 prisoners, mostly Yemenis, under Obama.
Shamefully, although a plane was sent to Guantánamo last October to take eleven of the 16 cleared men for resettlement in Oman, more senior officials — presumably Biden and Antony Blinken, the Secretary of State — decided that the October 7 attacks in southern Israel by Hamas and other militants meant that the “political optics” had shifted, and that it was not appropriate for the resettlement to go ahead.
No new date was set for the resettlement, and, because the decisions to approve prisoners for release are purely administrative, no legal mechanism exists whereby these men can ask a judge to order the government to release them.
Their freedom, as the Center for Constitutional Rights memorably declared in 2022, is reliant not upon the law, but on the “discretion and grace” of those holding them, a situation that is so arbitrary that it serves only to confirm that, despite legal challenges and review processes, nothing has fundamentally changed at Guantánamo, and that men held fundamentally without any rights whatsoever when the prison opened are still in that same predicament nearly 23 years later.
In August, there was even more alarming news regarding the resettlement plans, as Oman expelled the 26 Yemenis it had taken in between 2015 and 2017 — who had mostly settled in well, finding work, reuniting with their families, and in some cases marrying and having children — and repatriated them to Yemen, in many cases unwillingly.
This was unacceptable under international humanitarian law, because it violated the non-refoulement obligation on all countries, which requires them not to send people back to countries where they face torture or other forms of ill-treatment, but, more tellingly for the US, it also contravened the obligation, under the NDAA, not to send Yemenis from Guantánamo back to their home country for reasons of national security.
Despite this, when the plans were first leaked in May, Vincent M. Picard, a spokesman for the State Department’s counterterrorism division, claimed, outrageously, that, “In general, the United States government has never had an expectation that former Guantánamo detainees would indefinitely remain in receiving countries.”
Picard’s assertion conspicuously failed to address where released prisoners were supposed to go if their resettlements were suddenly terminated, and its cavalier disregard for both the non-refoulement obligation and the NDAA provisions regarding proscribed countries has only muddied the waters when it comes to resettling the men awaiting release from Guantánamo.
President Biden’s legacy
It is to be hoped, however, that some sort of successful revival of the resettlement plan can be negotiated with Oman, because otherwise the men approved for release, who have already been waiting for between two and four years since the decisions to approve them for release were taken — and in three outlying cases for nearly 15 years — will be trapped at Guantánamo for another four years.
As President Biden prepares to leave office, he has a chance to salvage something of a legacy by taking decisive action to address the outstanding injustice of the men still held at Guantánamo despite having been long approved for release.
If he does so, it will be a small measure of success when contrasted with what will undeniably be the main component of his legacy — his unforgivable indulgence of, and support for Israel’s unending genocidal assault on the Gaza Strip — but it will be an act of huge significance.
Domestically, Guantánamo has been all but forgotten, but internationally it remains a scar on US claims to have any respect whatsoever for the laws that it claims to uphold. 12 of the 16 men approved for release had those decisions taken under Biden himself. If he fails to free them, leaving them to rot for another four years under Donald Trump, his indifference will not only constitute a personal failure to properly tackle the bitter and corrosive legacy of Guantánamo; it will also be noticed around the world as yet another example of chronic US dysfunction and dishonesty.
Finding new homes for these men will also be a suitable tribute to the efforts of Tina Kaidanow, who sadly died of a heart attack on October 16, stymied to the last in her efforts to deliver some measure of justice to Guantánamo’s long-suffering “forever prisoners.”
What can we do?
For anyone wanting to help to exert pressure on the Biden administration, I encourage supporters to look at the 24 Senators and 75 members of the House of Representatives — all Democrats — who wrote to Biden in 2021, urging him to take decisive steps towards the prison’s closure by freeing everyone not charged with a crime, and facilitating plea deals for those charged in the military commissions.
If any of these lawmakers represent you, please do consider getting in touch with them to urge them to come together once more to call for urgent action from the Biden administration in its dying days, in particular by urging them once more to press for the release of the 16 men whose ongoing imprisonment they recognized as unconscionable three years ago.
If you wish, you can also address the plea deals that they called for, and urge the administration not to oppose the plea deals that were agreed this summer with three of the five men charged in connection with the 9/11 attacks. Immediately afterwards, defense secretary Lloyd Austin shamefully attempted to cancel the deals, but the military judge at Guantánamo has just reinstated them.
It is important, for any lingering notions of justice, for the plea deals to be allowed to stand, and for no further action to be taken by the administration to exert undue command influence on the prosecutors and defense teams at Guantánamo — and the military official appointed by Austin to oversee them — who all concluded, nearly three years ago, that the use of torture had made successful prosecutions impossible, and who have been working assiduously ever since to arrange the plea deals as the only viable way forward.
Most of all, though, I cannot stress enough how important it is that any lawmakers with a conscience need to call for an end to the legal purgatory of the men approved for release, and not to allow them to be entombed at Guantánamo for another four years under Donald Trump.
Note: For further clarification, of the 30 men still held at Guantánamo, beyond the 16 approved for release, three are still held indefinitely without charge or trial, having had their ongoing imprisonment repeatedly recommended by PRBs, three have agreed plea deals in the military commissions, six face active charges, one was removed from the 9/11 trial because a DoD Sanity Board concluded that he was unfit to stand trial (his status, as a result, is completely unknown), and one other man is beginning the 17th year of a life sentence, after a one-sided trial in 2008, in which he refused to mount a defense, with most of those years to date spent in almost complete isolation.
* * * * *
Andy Worthington is a freelance investigative journalist, activist, author, photographer (of an ongoing photo-journalism project, ‘The State of London’), film-maker and singer-songwriter (the lead singer and main songwriter for the London-based band The Four Fathers, whose music is available via Bandcamp). He is the co-founder of the Close Guantánamo campaign (see the ongoing photo campaign here) and the successful We Stand With Shaker campaign of 2014-15, and the author of The Guantánamo Files: The Stories of the 774 Detainees in America’s Illegal Prison and of two other books: Stonehenge: Celebration and Subversion and The Battle of the Beanfield. He is also the co-director (with Polly Nash) of the documentary film, “Outside the Law: Stories from Guantánamo” (available on DVD here, or you can watch it online here, via the production company Spectacle, for £2.50).
In 2017, Andy became very involved in housing issues. He is the narrator of the documentary film, ‘Concrete Soldiers UK’, about the destruction of council estates, and the inspiring resistance of residents, he wrote a song ‘Grenfell’, in the aftermath of the entirely preventable fire in June 2017 that killed over 70 people, and, in 2018, he was part of the occupation of the Old Tidemill Wildlife Garden in Deptford, to try to prevent its destruction — and that of 16 structurally sound council flats next door — by Lewisham Council and Peabody.
Since 2019, Andy has become increasingly involved in environmental activism, recognizing that climate change poses an unprecedented threat to life on earth, and that the window for change — requiring a severe reduction in the emission of all greenhouse gases, and the dismantling of our suicidal global capitalist system — is rapidly shrinking, as tipping points are reached that are occurring much quicker than even pessimistic climate scientists expected. You can read his articles about the climate crisis here.
To receive new articles in your inbox, please subscribe to Andy’s RSS feed — and he can also be found on Facebook (and here), Twitter, Flickr and YouTube. Also see the six-part definitive Guantánamo prisoner list, The Complete Guantánamo Files, the definitive Guantánamo habeas list, the full military commissions list, and the chronological list of all Andy’s articles.
Please also consider joining the Close Guantánamo campaign, and, if you appreciate Andy’s work, feel free to make a donation.
Investigative journalist, author, campaigner, commentator and public speaker. Recognized as an authority on Guantánamo and the “war on terror.” Co-founder, Close Guantánamo and We Stand With Shaker. Also, photo-journalist (The State of London), and singer and songwriter (The Four Fathers).
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8 Responses
Andy Worthington says...
When I posted this on Facebook, I wrote:
With just two months to go until President Biden cedes power to Donald Trump, it’s absolutely crucial that as much pressure as possible is exerted on the Biden administration to secure the release from Guantanamo of 16 men, never charged with a crime, who have long been approved for release — for between two and four years, and in three outlying cases for nearly 15 years.
Urgent action is essential, because it is abundantly clear that Trump is as Islamophobic as ever, and that his far-right administration will take delight, as Trump himself did in his first term in office, in sealing Guantanamo shut, refusing to allow any prisoners to be freed unless, by some miracle, they can secure a court order for their release.
Shamefully, the 16 men long approved for release are still held because they are as fundamentally without rights as they were when the Bush administration first brought them to Guantanamo between 17 and 22 years ago. The decisions taken to release them were made by high-level government review processes, first established under President Obama, whose outcomes are purely administrative, meaning that no legal mechanism exists to compel the government to free them, if, as has become increasingly apparent, senior officials feel no sense of urgency in doing so. An additional complication is that most of the men are from Yemen, and, under US law, the government is prevented, for alleged security reasons, from repatriating Yemenis from Guantanamo.
Over a year ago, eleven of these men were meant to have been resettled in Oman, where Obama previously sent men for resettlement, but their hopes of freedom were dashed at the last minute, when the Biden administration decided that the “political optics” of releasing them had changed after the entirely unconnected attacks in southern Israel by Hamas and other militants.
Biden either needs to urgently revive the Oman resettlement plan, or, if that is no longer possible, to even more urgently find another suitable country for their resettlement, because otherwise these men, unjustly held for so long, will be entombed at Guantanamo by Donald Trump for another four years.
For anyone in the US who wants to help, I include links to the names of 99 Congresspeople who, in 2021, wrote to Biden to urge him to release everyone not charged with a crime. If any of these lawmakers are your elected representatives, please feel free to write to them to encourage them to come together again to demand that these 16 men are freed.
...on November 14th, 2024 at 8:19 pm
Andy Worthington says...
For anyone who might be interested in following up on my suggestion that Congresspeople who encouraged Biden to free everyone not charged with a crime at Guantanamo back in 2021 should be contacted again to urge them to come together to demand that the 16 men be freed, their names are here: https://www.andyworthington.co.uk/2021/04/20/24-senators-send-a-letter-to-president-biden-urging-him-to-close-guantanamo/
and here: https://www.andyworthington.co.uk/2021/08/16/75-house-representatives-urge-president-biden-to-close-the-prison-at-guantanamo-bay/
Also of interest is this list of 69 Congresspeople who, in 2022, urged Congress to lift restrictions on transferring Guantanamo prisoners to the US mainland for any reason – even for urgent medical care that cannot be provided at Guantanamo itself: https://www.andyworthington.co.uk/2022/06/08/69-senators-and-representatives-urge-congress-to-lift-restrictions-on-transferring-guantanamo-prisoners-to-the-us-mainland/
...on November 15th, 2024 at 12:50 am
Andy Worthington says...
I must also stress that Biden only has until December 20 to finalize any resettlements from Guantanamo, as Congressional Republicans long ago stipulated that no prisoner can be freed without giving 30 days’ notice to Congress. That’s just five weeks away.
...on November 15th, 2024 at 12:51 am
Andy Worthington says...
Kären Ahern wrote:
Please do the above! We need to get these innocent people who have been in horrific conditions and as we know, tortured, out before Biden leaves office! Please help!!! Do what Andy says above. You will feel better trying to help people who have been wronged by our government. I think it is what we are really most here for.
...on November 15th, 2024 at 9:11 pm
Andy Worthington says...
Thanks for the encouragement, Kären. I appreciate it, just as I appreciate your suggestion that one of our main purposes here may well be to challenge the overreach and criminality of our governments. Sadly, far too many people think the only obligation on them is to vote every four years, and, apparently, to trust who they vote for to serve their best interests. There’s way too much subservience and infantilization in general in the relationship between governments and the people.
...on November 15th, 2024 at 9:12 pm
Ethan Winters says...
Thanks for the article and for not forgetting the 16 cleared prisoners, Mr. Worthington. I hope the 11 Yemenis are sent to Oman and if Mansoor’s June tweet about some of the men being sent to an undisclosed country is true, I wonder how many of the five other men will be freed.
https://mobile.x.com/MansoorAdayfi/status/1798906513282544020
I’m not optimistic about Ridah Bin Saleh Al-Yazidi and Muieen Abd al-Sattar ever being freed because they apparently don’t want to leave Guantanamo.
...on November 20th, 2024 at 12:40 pm
Andy Worthington says...
Great to hear from you, Ethan. I was about to let you know that I finally got the problem fixed that had prevented people from commenting, but you beat me to it!
The 16 men approved for release but still held have been foremost in my mind for the last two years, hence my efforts to publicize their stories, via series of articles earlier this year, and my monthly posters showing how disgracefully long it has been since the decisions were first taken to approve them for release.
I’m appalled – or, perhaps, more appalled than usual would be an accurate description – that no mainstream media outlet in the US has had the slightest interest in covering the story of how the US government continues to hold men without any fundamental rights, even after approving them for release, because of the lack of any legal mechanism to enforce those decisions.
Thanks for that link to Mansoor’s tweet, which had slipped my mind. Hopefully, if there is a problem with Oman, this other undisclosed country will be willing to help, and we’ll be hearing soon about a much-needed resolution to this latest but almost entirely unknown injustice in Guantanamo’s long history of horrible injustices.
I do, however, share your concerns for Ridah Al-Yazidi and Muieen Abd Al-Sattar, and also hope that, along with the eleven Yemenis, the three other men approved for release who are not Yemenis will also be freed.
...on November 20th, 2024 at 1:08 pm
Andy Worthington says...
For a Spanish version, on the World Can’t Wait’s Spanish website, see ‘Liberen a los 16 de Guantánamo: un mensaje al Presidente Biden cuando se le acaba el tiempo’: http://www.worldcantwait-la.com/worthington-liberen-los-16-de-gtmo-mensaje-biden-cuando-se-le-acaba-el-tiempo.htm
...on November 30th, 2024 at 12:40 am