I wrote the following article for the “Close Guantánamo” website, which I established in January 2012, on the 10th anniversary of the opening of Guantánamo, with the US attorney Tom Wilner. Please join us — just an email address is required to be counted amongst those opposed to the ongoing existence of Guantánamo, and to receive updates of our activities by email.
In the epidemic of disasters afflicting the world, it’s sometimes hard to even remember that, at Guantánamo Bay in Cuba, the US government is still holding 30 men, detained for between 15 and 22 years, who, for the most part, have never been charged with crimes, and are imprisoned, apparently indefinitely, without charge or trial.
With just a fortnight to go until the US Presidential Election, these men’s plight has become politically invisible, even though their treatment — outside of all norms governing the deprivation of liberty of individuals — has, from the beginning, relied on their demonization and dehumanization as Muslims, with a clear line stretching from their fundamentally lawless imprisonment to the way that demonized and dehumanized Muslims are being treated in the Gaza Strip today.
Now suffering under their fourth president, the men at Guantánamo had some hope, when Joe Biden took office, that positive changes were on the horizon. NGOs and lawyers had lobbied his transition team, urging that, at the very least, he address the plight of those specifically imprisoned indefinitely without charge or trial, as opposed to those charged in the military commissions, a broken system, first introduced after the 9/11 attacks, before Guantánamo even opened, albeit one with some tangential connection to the law.
At the time of his inauguration, Biden was holding 40 men, 22 of whom were “forever prisoners,” held indefinitely without charge or trial. Six others had already been approved for release but were still held, while the other 12 were, to some extent or another, under the jurisdiction of the military commissions.
From May 2021 to September 2022, the Biden administration addressed these concerns. All but three of the “forever prisoners” were approved for release by Periodic Review Boards, the high-level parole-type process established under President Obama, which had previously and repeatedly recommended their ongoing imprisonment.
In addition, between July 2021 and April 2023, ten prisoners in total were released, reducing the prison’s population by a quarter, and making concrete steps towards its final closure seem almost within reach.
Then it all fell apart.
No releases for a year and a half
Even though 16 of the 30 men still held have long been approved for release, none have been freed in the last 18 months. A complication is that, although the ten men previously freed were all repatriated, third countries must be found for these 16 men — mostly Yemenis — because Republicans in Congress, since the early days of the Obama administration, have insisted on inserting provisions into the annual National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA), proscribing the return of prisoners to certain countries, including Yemen, Libya, Somalia and Afghanistan.
President Biden made an effort to address this problem by appointing a former ambassador, Tina Kaidanow, as the Special Representative for Guantánamo Affairs in the State Department in August 2021, who was “responsible for all matters pertaining to the transfer of detainees from the Guantánamo Bay facility to third countries.”
Despite a lack of high-level support within the administration, and stymied by a general lack of interest around the world in resettling former prisoners, Kaidanow nevertheless successfully negotiated the proposed resettlement, in Oman, of eleven of these 16 men, who were supposed to have been freed last October.
Shamefully, however, even though an airplane was on the tarmac at Guantánamo to take these men to their new lives, the October 7 attacks in southern Israel by Hamas and other militants persuaded Biden and his senior officials that the “political optics” no longer supported their release, and the plan was shelved, with no new date set for it to be reinstated.
Sadly, we have just heard that Tina Kaidanow has died, at just 59 years of age, without having been able to see her last, largely ignored but hugely important post yield the fruit it deserved: the removal of one dark and enduring stain on the US’s reputation, through the restoration of these men’s freedom.
Broken trials and UN condemnation
In the military commissions, too, the administration has slammed the brakes on any progress in the seemingly endless effort by the US government to successfully prosecute men subjected to horrendous torture in CIA “black sites” prior to their arrival at Guantánamo, mostly in September 2006.
Three years ago, prosecutors finally recognized that the use of torture precluded the possibility of successful prosecutions, and began negotiating with defense lawyers, and the Convening Authority, the government-appointed official overseeing the commissions, to secure plea deals instead with the men accused of involvement in the 9/11 attacks.
These took the death penalty off the table, and would have provided life sentences at Guantánamo in return for confessions that would have finally allowed for some sort of closure for the relatives of those killed on September 11, 2001. However, when it was announced, in August this year, that plea deals had been agreed with three of these men, the defense secretary, Lloyd Austin, almost immediately revoked them, once more rendering justice and any kind of closure off-limits.
Through this long period of inertia and of counter-productive measures, the US government has also been subjected to withering criticism by various United Nations Special Mandate holders, which, shamefully, it has entirely ignored.
These reports and opinions were published throughout 2023, beginning with condemnation, from numerous Special Mandate holders, on January 11, the 21st anniversary of the prison’s opening, of the treatment of Guantánamo’s most disabled prisoner, Abd al-Hadi al-Iraqi (charged in the military commissions), and continuing with two other devastating opinions, issued by the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, one in the case of “forever prisoner” Abu Zubaydah, and the other in the case of Abd al-Rahim al-Nashiri (also charged in the military commissions), with the Abu Zubaydah opinion also indicating that the very basis of the detention system at Guantánamo “may constitute crimes against humanity.”
Finally, in June 2023, a report issued by Fionnuala Ní Aoláin, the Special Rapporteur on the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms while Countering Terrorism, concluded, as a result of assessments undertaken after she became the first ever UN Rapporteur to visit the prison, in February 2023, that, despite some improvement in conditions over the years, the prison’s operations overall still constitute “ongoing cruel, inhuman, and degrading treatment,” and “may also meet the legal threshold for torture.”
So is there hope for the future?
Perhaps, ironically, if Kamala Harris loses to Donald Trump in the Presidential Election, pressure to free all the men approved for release before Trump’s inauguration in January will become unavoidable, because Trump, as he was in his first term in office, will be an absolute disaster for the men held at Guantánamo, sealing the prison shut as he did throughout his four lamentable years as president.
If Harris does win, however, it is to be hoped that there will also be renewed pressure to free the men approved for release, even though the very basis of safe and secure resettlements in third countries — already undermined by the brutal treatment of men resettled in the UAE between 2015 and 2017, who found themselves imprisoned instead of being helped to rebuild their lives, before being forcibly repatriated — was dealt a major blow in August, when Oman, the great hope for the men awaiting release, which had previously accepted 28 Yemenis from Guantánamo between 2015 and 2017, also repatriated these men, mostly against their will, and in defiance of the promises made when they were first taken in — which is, of course, that their resettlement would be permanent.
Alarmingly, Vincent M. Picard, a spokesman for the State Department’s counterterrorism division, stated that, “In general, the United States government has never had an expectation that former Guantánamo detainees would indefinitely remain in receiving countries,” even though that provides no explanation whatsoever about where they are supposed to go if their resettlements come to an end.
As Fionnuala Ní Aoláin explained, with reference to the Yemenis in Oman, “Non-refoulement [not returning anyone to a country where they face a risk of torture or other ill-treatment] should be an absolute protection, because countries like Oman have a choice to protect these vulnerable torture survivors or not.”
As she also explained, “Sending these men to Yemen puts them in profound danger. Yemen is a country in the midst of a brutal civil war, and is also being bombed by the United States and other allied countries. Sending former Guantánamo detainees, men who have been the victims of US torture and ill-treatment back to Yemen flies in the face of the most fundamental human rights obligations of both Oman and the United States.”
What can we do?
On the ground, our options as concerned citizens appear limited, although, as has been the case throughout Guantánamo’s long and sordid history of abject brutality and lawlessness, matched by the almost complete indifference (or even hostility) of most of the political class, the mainstream media and US citizens themselves, those of us who care must continue to do whatever we can to publicize the plight of the men still held, to bear witness to their suffering, and to point out how corrosive the rancid ongoing existence of Guantánamo is to all notions of human rights, due process and international humanitarian law.
Since January 2018, we have been running an ongoing photo campaign, every 100 days of Guantánamo’s existence (and also, every year, on the anniversary of Guantánamo’s opening, on January 11), for which our supporters take photos of themselves — or have photographs taken of them — with posters marking these grim milestones, and calling for Guantánamo’s closure.
On October 1, we marked 8,300 days of the prison’s existence, and were delighted to receive 70 photos from across the US and around the world — some from regular participants, and others from new supporters.
The photo campaign was somewhat in the doldrums in the Trump years, and took some time to pick up under Biden, but since last December, when we marked 8,000 days, it has been reinvigorated, in part because of the unique contributions of Gavrilah Wells, an activist in San Francisco, who, uniquely, wanders the streets of her home city with her camera and a copy of the poster, engaging with those she meets, and seeking to get them involved.
As I told her in an email, “You have single-handedly breathed new life into this project, with your wonderful portraits, which capture a largely hidden truth about the US — that people everywhere oppose the continued existence of Guantanamo, but nobody normally asks them what they think. I wish some local or national media would pick up on what you’re doing!”
We also continue to highlight the injustice of Guantánamo’s continued existence, through monthly vigils, which take place on the first Wednesday of every month, and have regular support in eleven locations across the US and around the world — in Washington, D.C., in London, New York City, San Francisco, Mexico City, Brussels, Cobleskill, NY, Detroit, Minneapolis and Portland, Oregon.
One particular focus of the vigils is the 16 men approved for release but still held, via a poster of them, and a second poster, which I update every month, and which shows how disgracefully long they have been waiting to be freed since those decisions were taken. On October 2, when the most recent vigils took place, these men had, disgracefully, been waiting for between 740 and 1,434 days since those decisions were taken, and in three outlying cases for 5,367 days.
Sadly, shamefully, the mainstream media have shown no interest whatsoever in either the ongoing photo campaign or the monthly vigils, even though, in particular, the amount of time that the 16 men have been held since they were approved for release is nothing short of a national scandal.
Nevertheless, I believe that our continuing efforts to raise awareness of the glaring injustices of Guantánamo are worthwhile, and I hope you agree. We are all watching intensely what happens on November 5, which won’t, either way, probably help the Muslims in the Gaza Strip, but will hopefully, one way or another, help to, at least, secure freedom for these 16 men. We’ll keep you posted!
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Andy Worthington is a freelance investigative journalist, activist, author, photographer (of an ongoing photo-journalism project, ‘The State of London’), film-maker and singer-songwriter (the lead singer and main songwriter for the London-based band The Four Fathers, whose music is available via Bandcamp). He is the co-founder of the Close Guantánamo campaign (see the ongoing photo campaign here) and the successful We Stand With Shaker campaign of 2014-15, and the author of The Guantánamo Files: The Stories of the 774 Detainees in America’s Illegal Prison and of two other books: Stonehenge: Celebration and Subversion and The Battle of the Beanfield. He is also the co-director (with Polly Nash) of the documentary film, “Outside the Law: Stories from Guantánamo” (available on DVD here, or you can watch it online here, via the production company Spectacle, for £2.50).
In 2017, Andy became very involved in housing issues. He is the narrator of the documentary film, ‘Concrete Soldiers UK’, about the destruction of council estates, and the inspiring resistance of residents, he wrote a song ‘Grenfell’, in the aftermath of the entirely preventable fire in June 2017 that killed over 70 people, and, in 2018, he was part of the occupation of the Old Tidemill Wildlife Garden in Deptford, to try to prevent its destruction — and that of 16 structurally sound council flats next door — by Lewisham Council and Peabody.
Since 2019, Andy has become increasingly involved in environmental activism, recognizing that climate change poses an unprecedented threat to life on earth, and that the window for change — requiring a severe reduction in the emission of all greenhouse gases, and the dismantling of our suicidal global capitalist system — is rapidly shrinking, as tipping points are reached that are occurring much quicker than even pessimistic climate scientists expected. You can read his articles about the climate crisis here.
To receive new articles in your inbox, please subscribe to Andy’s RSS feed — and he can also be found on Facebook (and here), Twitter, Flickr and YouTube. Also see the six-part definitive Guantánamo prisoner list, The Complete Guantánamo Files, the definitive Guantánamo habeas list, the full military commissions list, and the chronological list of all Andy’s articles.
Please also consider joining the Close Guantánamo campaign, and, if you appreciate Andy’s work, feel free to make a donation.
For 20 months now, campaigners around the world — from organizations including Amnesty International, Close Guantánamo, Witness Against Torture, the World Can’t Wait, NRCAT (the National Religious Campaign Against Torture), Veterans for Peace and the UK Guantánamo Network — have held coordinated vigils across the US and around the world, on the first Wednesday of every month, calling for the closure of the prison at Guantánamo Bay.
On October 2, campaigners held vigils outside the White House in Washington, D.C., in London, New York City, San Francisco, Brussels, Cobleskill, NY, Detroit, Minneapolis and Portland, Oregon. Campaigners in Mexico City weren’t able to take part this month, but secured photos of a former prisoner and of supporters holding up “Cierren Guantánamo” signs, and in Strasbourg, at the Council of Europe, a Belgian campaigner successfully persuaded delegates at a meeting to have a photo taken in solidarity with those holding vigils worldwide. Many of the campaigners also held up posters marking 8,300 days of Guantánamo’s existence the day before. The posters, an initiative of the Close Guantánamo campaign, mark every 100 days of the prison’s existence, and all of the 8,300 days photos — 70 in total — can be found here.
Huge thanks to everyone who took part in the latest coordinated global monthly vigils for the closure of the prison at Guantánamo Bay on September 4, 2024. My apologies for taking so long to collate the photos and to post this report, but on the day of the vigils I flew out to Sicily on a family holiday, where I was offline as part of a ten-day digital detox — a pause in the relentlessness of the bad news that plagues us on so many fronts, which I can heartily recommend to all activists and campaigners at risk of burnout from atrocity overload.
I wrote the following article for the “Close Guantánamo” website, which I established in January 2012, on the 10th anniversary of the opening of Guantánamo, with the US attorney Tom Wilner. Please join us — just an email address is required to be counted amongst those opposed to the ongoing existence of Guantánamo, and to receive updates of our activities by email.
In genuinely dispiriting news, Spencer Ackerman has reported, via his Forever Wars website, that the majority of the 28 former Guantánamo prisoners from Yemen who were resettled in Oman between 2015 and 2017 have been forcibly repatriated to their home country over the last few weeks.
The news is particularly dispiriting because, until now, the Sultanate of Oman had appeared to be one of the most successful countries involved in resettling former Guantánamo prisoners, all unanimously approved for release by high-level US government review processes, but who could not be safely repatriated.
This was either because the State Department regarded it as unsafe for them to be sent home (on the basis of human rights concerns, or concerns about their potential recruitment or targeting by forces hostile to the US), or because provisions inserted by Republicans into the annual National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) proscribe certain countries, including Yemen, from receiving their citizens (again, for reasons of national security), or, in a few cases, because they were essentially stateless.
On Wednesday (August 7) campaigners for the closure of the prison at Guantánamo Bay marked 18 months of monthly coordinated global vigils for the prison’s closure at seven locations across the US — Washington, D.C., New York, San Francisco, Detroit, Minneapolis, Cobleskill, NY and Los Angeles — and in London and Brussels, with a delayed vigil taking place the day after in Mexico City. The campaigners represent numerous organizations committed to the closure of Guantánamo, including Amnesty International, Witness Against Torture, the World Can’t Wait, NRCAT (the National Religious Campaign Against Torture) and the UK Guantánamo Network, with numerous other supporting organizations.
My thanks, as always, to the campaigners in ten different locations across the US and around the world who came together on Wednesday (July 3), to call for the closure of the prison at Guantánamo Bay — in Washington, D.C., London, New York City, Mexico City, Brussels, San Francisco, Detroit, Cobleskill, NY, Minneapolis and Los Angeles, from organizations including Amnesty International, Witness Against Torture, the World Can’t Wait and the UK Guantánamo Network, and with supporting organizations including the National Religious Campaign Against Torture, the Center for Constitutional Rights and September 11th Families for Peaceful Tomorrows.
If you have half an hour to spare, I hope you’ll watch my interview about the prison at Guantánamo Bay with Scottie Nell Hughes, on her show 360 View, as featured on the online TV channel Sovren Media, in which the other featured guest was the conservative talk radio host Steve Gill.
Scottie and I had spoken previously when she worked for RT America, between 2018 and the channel’s politically motivated closure in 2022, following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, and it was good to be given an opportunity to elucidate some of the many incontrovertible reasons why this festering sore from the US’s brutal and lawless post-9/11 experiments in torture, dehumanization and endless imprisonment without charge or trial should be shut down.
I’m glad to say that I was given plenty of time to explain the reasons that Guantánamo must be closed, and should have been “a long, long time ago”, as I put it — because it is, as I also explained, “a legal, moral and ethical abomination, and a great shame for the United States every day that it remains open.”
On Wednesday, campaigners in ten locations across the US and around the world held the latest monthly coordinated global vigils calling for the closure of the prison at Guantánamo Bay, which, on June 23, will have been open for 8,200 days.
The monthly vigils, which I initiated last February, took place in Washington, D.C., New York, London, Mexico City, Brussels, San Francisco, Cobleskill, NY, Detroit, Minneapolis and Los Angeles, and focused, as usual, not just on calls for the prison’s eventual closure, but also for the immediate release of 16 men (out of the 30 still held) who have long been approved for release, but are still held because the decisions to release them — taken unanimously by high-level US government review processes — were, nevertheless, purely administrative. This means that no legal mechanism exists to compel the Biden administration to free them, if, as is increasingly apparent, President Biden and Antony Blinken have no interest in prioritizing their release.
As the poster that I update every month shows, as of June 5, these men had been held for between 621 and 1,315 days since the decisions were taken to release them, and, in three outlying cases, for 5,248 days. Any country that tolerates this cannot be said to have the slightest respect for the law, or, indeed, for any fundamental human notions of decency.
I wrote the following article for the “Close Guantánamo” website, which I established in January 2012, on the 10th anniversary of the opening of Guantánamo, with the US attorney Tom Wilner. Please join us — just an email address is required to be counted amongst those opposed to the ongoing existence of Guantánamo, and to receive updates of our activities by email.
Thanks to NBC News, and the four anonymous US government officials who spoke to them, for exposing the latest scandal involving the US prison at Guantánamo Bay — the refusal of the Biden administration to release eleven men, for whom long months of negotiation had secured a safe and viable resettlement option, because of the perceived “political optics” of freeing them after the attacks on Israel by Hamas and other militants on October 7.
Within Guantánamo circles, this scandal was well known, but attorneys for the men had been subjected to a Protective Order issued by the government, preventing them from talking about it, and, as a result, they had all dutifully kept quiet, as had others, like myself, who had got to know about it.
Their silence is, in itself, an indictment of how the US government operates at Guantánamo, as I also recognised when I refused to publicize it, because of the fundamentally lawless situation in which these men are held.
With Gaza, understandably, dominating the news, as Israel’s genocide continues, and peaceful pro-Palestinian protestors at campuses across the US are being violently assaulted by police on behalf of their universities’ administrators, it’s a tribute to the tenacity of human rights campaigners at five locations across the US — and in London and Brussels — that, on Wednesday, they came out onto the streets to also try to remind people of the ongoing existence of the prison at Guantánamo Bay, and, in particular, the plight of the 16 men (out of 30 still held in total), who have long been approved for release but are still held.
Coordinated monthly vigils for the closure of Guantánamo have been taking place across the US and around the world on the first Wednesday of every month since I began organizing them last February, and on Wednesday, May 1, vigils took place in Washington, D.C., New York, London, Brussels, Cobleskill, NY, Detroit and Los Angeles.
San Francisco didn’t hold a vigil this month, but coordinator Gavrilah Wells took photos at two events at the weekend, and campaigners in Mexico City were also unable to take part, although Natalia Rivera Scott arranged instead for two former prisoners to take photos with posters calling for the prison’s closure.
Investigative journalist, author, campaigner, commentator and public speaker. Recognized as an authority on Guantánamo and the “war on terror.” Co-founder, Close Guantánamo and We Stand With Shaker. Also, photo-journalist (The State of London), and singer and songwriter (The Four Fathers).
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